NB-IoT nujul kana téhnologi IoT tina NarrowBand. NB-IoT, téhnologi anyar-dipaké di sakuliah dunya, utamana nargétkeun di pasar IoT tina Kakuatan Lemah & Liputan lega((LPWAN). Lamun datang ka bubuka NB-IoT, hal anu penting pikeun nempo sajarah évolusi komunikasi ngaliwatan ngembangkeun kontinyu tina 2G, 3G, 4G, jeung 5g, gandeng ku popularitas nyebar tina smartphone jeung transmisi instan disederhanakeun (sora, gambar, video HD) antara jalma. Tulisan ieu bakal masihan anjeun katerangan anu jero sareng lengkep ngeunaan téknologi NB!
1. Naon Téhnologi NB-IoT?
Naon komunikasi NB-IoT? Bedana antara Nb-IoT sareng komunikasi mobile (2/3/4/5G) jeung fitur maranéhanana
1. Liputan lega. Beda jeung tradisional GSM, base station bisa ngarojong 10 kali jangkauan wewengkon.
Stasiun pangkalan NB-IoT tiasa gaduh jangkauan 10km, malah di county leutik. Samentara éta, NB-IoT parantos kéngingkeun 20Db langkung seueur tibatan stasiun pangkalan LTE sareng GPRS. Salaku tambahan, NB-IoT ogé bisa ngirim sinyal ka tempat kayaning garasi handap grounds, basements, pipa handapeun beungeut cai, jsb Biasana, teu mungkin meunang telepon di jero taneuh. Sanajan kitu, kalawan NB-IoT anjeun masih bisa nelepon batur!
2. Sambungan Massa. 200Frékuénsi KHz tiasa nawiskeun 100.000 sambungan
Langkung seueur sambungan anu disayogikeun, pangsaeutikna base station diwangun. Pangsaeutikna stasiun pangkalan anu diwangun, beuki loba duit disimpen! Hiji guru bisa ngajar 200 murid dina hiji waktu jeung guru séjén bisa ngajar 20 murid. Ku kituna, lamun duanana ngajar 1,000 murid, anjeun ngan ukur tiasa nyéwa 5 guru kalawan 200 murid tapi 50 guru kalawan 20 murid.
3. Konsumsi Daya Lemah, pamakéan batré AA(No. 5 batré) ngamungkinkeun NB-IoT tiasa dianggo salami sapuluh taun tanpa biaya
Sapuluh taun teu dibayar! Anjeun teu bobodoran kuring, anjeun? Telepon abdi kedah dicas unggal dinten! NB-IoT diwanohkeun ku téknologi konservasi daya eDRX sareng mode konservasi daya PSM pikeun nurunkeun konsumsi daya sareng manjangkeun umur batre.. Dina modeu PSM, terminal masih sadia dina jaringan bari sinyal téh unreachable, nu ngajadikeun terminal asupkeun mode sare pikeun waktu nambahan pikeun ngahontal niat consuming kakuatan kirang. Téknologi konservasi daya eDRX manjangkeun siklus saré terminal dina modeu dianggurkeun sareng ngirangan ngamimitian anu henteu diperyogikeun tina unit anu ditampi.. oge, eta greatly ngaronjatkeun diakses downlink, nu béda ti PSM.
Naon eDRX
DRX (Panarimaan discontinuous) nujul kana panarimaan discontinuous bari EDRX diperpanjang panarimaan discontinuous.
Conto Konsumsi Daya EDRX /PSM
Ditémbongkeun saperti dina gambar, DRX hartosna cara anu henteu kontinyu pikeun nampi sinyal sareng istirahat pikeun kalolobaan waktos. Contona, panarimaan kontinyu nyaéta satpam anu kedah cicing di padamelan na sadidinten kalayan panonna serius neuteup panto pikeun ningali naha aya anu teu normal.. Panarimaan anu teu terus-terusan hartosna satpam ngan ukur nyéépkeun sapuluh menit pikeun ningali panto salami sajam sareng istirahat tea kanggo jam sésana..
Modeu Hemat Daya (PSM) sarua jeung Mode Hemat Daya. Paling terminal IoT geus bébas lolobana waktu. Éta ngan ukur kedah maca méter teras ngaluarkeun arloji. Saatos éta, aranjeunna karek istirahat, hartina alat asup kana kaayaan dormant.
Kasimpulanana, fungsi konservasi daya NB-IoT fungsina salaku satpam anu nyandak istirahat teh lima puluh menit dina hiji jam.. Maksudna ngomong, anjeunna ngan boga tilu jam gawé sapoé lajeng nyandak ngarecah sesa waktu.
4. Mobilitas Saderhana. Béda jeung handphone urang, nu nunjukkeun sinyal goréng dina mobil atawa karéta-speed tinggi pikeun alesan yén laju mobil atawa karéta téh jadi gancang yén handphone terus pindah base station.. Ieu kawas ras relay. A relaying alus kalawan batons ngagambarkeun panggero normal bari baton lasut sarua jeung intermittent atawa malah turun cal..
Dina kalolobaan skenario, ngagunakeun NB-Io pikeun terminal IoT statik. Salaku conto, Anjeun tiasa ngalaksanakeun bacaan méteran anu cerdas anu tiasa ngirangan pajeulitna protokol sareng biaya modul ogé.
5. Satengah Duplex Mode
Éta hartosna kuring nyarios sareng anjeun kedah ngadangukeun sareng henteu kantos ngaganggu! Sabalikna.
2. Kumaha Téhnologi NB-IoT Gawé?
Prinsip Operasi Téhnologi NB-IoT
NB-IoT nangtung pikeun téknologi IoT tina Narrowband. NB-IoT, téhnologi anyar-dipaké di sakuliah dunya, utamana nargétkeun di pasar IoT of Low Power & Liputan lega((LPWAN).
NB-IoT ngagunakeun pita frékuénsi Lisensi. Éta diterapkeun dina tilu saluran pikeun aya dina jaringan, kaasup di-band, band ditangtayungan tur pamawa bebas.
Nb-IoT dirévisi dumasar kana téknologi FDD LTE. Sabagian ageung tina desain lapisan fisik ngadopsi téknologi sistematis LTE sapertos SC-FDMA anu dianggo pikeun uplink sareng OFDM pikeun downlink.. Desain tingkat luhur protokol abides ku protokol LTE kalawan fitur na tina pakét leutik, konsumsi kakuatan low jeung konektipitas badag ditingkatkeun. Bagian tina jaringan inti disambungkeun ngaliwatan panganteur S1 jeung nyadiakeun rojongan pikeun bebas tur ningkatkeun deployment.
Terminal: Parabot pamaké (UE), disambungkeun ka base station (eNodeB (mekar Node B, E-Utran base station) ngaliwatan bandara.
Jaringan nirkabel: eta ngawengku dua jenis model jaringan. Anu kahiji nyaéta jaringan nirkabel integral(RAN Tunggal), nu ngandung 2G / 3G / 4G jeung jaringan nirkabel NB-IoT, jeung lianna nyaéta jaringan NB-IoT Anyar, nu sakitu legana undertakes ngolah aksés bandara, manajemén sél, jeung kalungguhan relevan séjén. Lajeng nyiptakeun sambungan kana jaringan inti IoT sakuliah interfaces S1-Lite, diteruskeun data lapisan non-aksés ka elemen jaringan tingkat luhur.
Jaringan inti: EPC - Evolved Packet Core (EPC) tanggung jawab pikeun berinteraksi sareng lapisan non-aksés tina terminal sareng neraskeun data anu aya hubunganana sareng jasa IoT ka platform IoT. Ringkesanna henteu jembar, tingali inpo di handap ieu.
Platform: utamana platform telekomunikasi
Pangladén aplikasi: Candak platform telekomunikasi salaku kasus. Pangladén aplikasi ngabentuk komunikasi sareng platform liwat HTTP atanapi HTTPS sareng ngontrol alat ku cara ngalamar API kabuka platform.. Platformna ngirimkeun data tina alat ka server. Platform nganalisa data alat teras ngarobih data éta kana format JSON standar.
Tilu Kaayaan Gawé NB-IoT
Dina kaayaan standar, Aya tilu jinis kaayaan kerja NB-IoT sareng tilu kaayaan digeser dumasar kana parameter konfigurasi anu béda.. Kuring yakin yén nagara-nagara ieu gaduh pangaruh anu hébat kana sipat NB-IoT. Éta pisan sababna naha fitur. Naon deui, nalika nganggo NB-IoT sareng ngarancang program anu aya hubunganana di hareup, perlu pikeun ngaropea tilu kaayaan gawé nurutkeun tungtutan ngembangkeun sarta fitur produk.
Di handap ieu aya tilu kaayaan kerja:
Nyambung
Bisa ngirim tur meunangkeun data sanggeus pendaptaran modul jeung kaayaan disambungkeun rengse. Sanggeus periode euweuh interaksi data, eta bakal asup mode dianggurkeun pikeun waktos configurable.
dianggurkeun
Éta tiasa ngirim sareng nampi data sareng angkat ka kaayaan Sambung nalika ngumpulkeun data downlink. Interaksi tanpa data pikeun sawatara waktu ngajadikeun eta transit ka modeu PSM pikeun waktos configurable.
PSM (Modeu Hemat Daya)
Dina mode ieu, terminal nutup transceiver sinyal jeung teu ngawas paging dina modeu nirkabel. Ku kituna, terminal masih disambungkeun ka jaringan, tapi sinyal teu bisa nutupan atawa ngahontal, nu ngakibatkeun euweuh aksés ka data downlink sarta hasil dina konsumsi kakuatan low.
Skala waktos aya dina konfigurasi jaringan inti (T3412). Lamun aya uplink data diperlukeun pikeun ditransfer atawa siklus TAU ends, eta asup kana kaayaan Connected.
Prosés transisi umum tina tilu kaayaan operasi NB-IoT bisa diringkeskeun kieu:
(1) Nalika terminal réngsé ngirim data, éta dina kaayaan Nyambung sareng ngamimitian "Pawaktu teu aktip", anu gaduh setelan 20s sacara standar ogé tiasa dikonpigurasi tina 1 detik dugi ka 3600 detik;
② Nalika "Timer teu aktif" kadaluwarsa dina watesan waktu, terminal robah jadi kaayaan dianggurkeun, lajeng aktip-timer T3324 beroperasi. Periode timeout dikonpigurasi ti 2s nepi ka 186 mnt.
③ Nalika timer aktif kadaluwarsa dina watesan waktu, terminal mana kana kaayaan PSM. Nalika siklus waktos TAU réngsé, eta asup kana kaayaan Connected. Skala waktos TAU[T3412] geus ngonpigurasi tina 54 mnt ka 310 tabuh.
[PS: Siklus waktos TAU nangtung pikeun période mimitian ti mode Idle nepi ka ahir mode PSM]
Analisis Terminal NB-IoT dina kaayaan kerja anu béda
1. Salila prosés ngirim data, NB-LoT aya dina kaayaan aktip. Teras éta robih kana kaayaan dianggurkeun saatos béakna waktuna dina konfigurasi "counter inactivity".
2. Mékanisme eDRX diwanohkeun Nalika terminal aya dina kaayaan Idle. Prosés Idle lengkep ngandung sababaraha siklus eDRX, nu bisa ngonpigurasi ngaliwatan timers kalawan waktu mimitian ti 20.48s ka 2.92 tabuh. oge, unggal siklus eDRX nyertakeun sababaraha siklus paging DRX;
3. Jandéla waktos pager (PTW) diwangun ku sababaraha siklus paging DRX. Jandéla waktu pager bisa diatur ku timer, mimitian ti 2,56s nepi ka 40,96s, sarta nilai nangtukeun ukuran jandela jeung jumlah kali pager. Jandéla waktos paging(PTW), nu bisa diatur ngaliwatan timer, diwangun ku sababaraha siklus paging DRX. waktos nu geus ngonpigurasi ti 20.48s mun 40.96s. Waktu dipilih nangtukeun skala jandela waktu jeung jumlah;
4. Saatos Timer Aktif ngaleuwihan waktos set, terminal NB-IoT robah tina kaayaan dianggurkeun kana kaayaan PSM, ti mana terminal henteu ngalaksanakeun paging atanapi nampi data downlink. Lajeng mana kana kaayaan sare.
5. Timer TAU mimiti ngitung waktu nalika terminal nuju kaayaan dianggurkeun. Nalika timer béakna, terminal bakal ninggalkeun kaayaan PSM tur ngoperasikeun TAU pikeun balik deui ka kaayaan diaktipkeun (tingali ① dina gambar)
6. Terminal ogé bisa balik deui ka kaayaan diaktipkeun ngaliwatan aktip ngirim data uplink lamun beroperasi dina kaayaan PSM..
3. NB-IoT VS LoRa Technologies
Abdi nyungkeun hapunten, téhnologi komunikasi nirkabel, embraces téknologi mainstream, kaasup NB-IoT, eMTC, Sigfox, sareng téknologi LoRa. NB-IoT dikembangkeun ku 3GPP, organisasi standardisasi anu paling otoritatif dina industri komunikasi, sarta disatujuan ku ITU, hiji standar internasional. Sigfox Perancis sareng Semtech AS. gaduh téknologi inti Sigfox sareng LoRa masing-masing.
Pangembangan ayeuna NB-IoT sareng LoRa: Téknologi LPWA utamina ditujukeun pikeun jasa dumasar téks anu cocog pikeun kasus aplikasi IoT anu nampilkeun laju laju rendah., konsumsi kakuatan low, sinyalna lega tur konektipitas badag. Ayeuna, dua kubu téhnologi utama, NB-IoT sareng LoRa parantos kabentuk di Cina. Langkung seueur kawijakan nasional diwanohkeun pikeun ngamajukeun pisan NB-IoT sareng gaduh sikep antosan sareng ningali ka LoRa. Ayeuna, aplikasi téhnologi LPWA di Cina masih dilaksanakeun ngaliwatan percobaan sarta promosi. NB-IoT ogé LoRa utamina museurkeun panonna kana méter pinter, wangunan pinter jeung skenario aplikasi sejenna, nu lolobana sarupa.
Daya saing NB-IoT & LoRa: NB-IoT langkung cocog pikeun aplikasi anu gaduh volume data anu beurat sareng komunikasi sering anu kontras sareng LoRa.. Milik kana jaringan pamawa, NB-IoT langkung pas kana skénario aplikasi desentralisasi kalayan distribusi geografis anu lega sareng atribut mobile., bari LoRa bisa ngahontal deployment fléksibel pikeun hadé minuhan kaperluan aplikasi industri jeung terminal leuwih terpusat. Kusabab béda pamikiran desain jeung métode palaksanaan, téhnologi komunikasi nirkabel béda dina ciri. Ku kituna, Perlu milih téknologi komunikasi anu pas dumasar kana kasus aplikasi khusus nalika nyebarkeun jaringan.
Tren pamekaran téknologi NB IoT sareng LoRa pikeun IoT: Dina watesan paménta skenario aplikasi, diperkirakeun yén domestik NB-IoT na LoRa bakal condong dibagi kana 6:4 ku 2025. NB-IoT gaduh siklus pangwangunan anu langkung pondok, instability produk, cakupan jaringan sempit, jeung sinyalna low, dibandingkeun jeung LoRa. Diperkirakeun dua taun deui diperyogikeun pikeun kamajuan téknologi sareng optimasi jaringan pikeun pinuh mawa kauntunganana.. Dina mangsa ieu, nu kawilang maju LoRa didorong pikeun mindahkeun ka wewengkon aplikasi leuwih ku paménta pasar.
4. Babandingan antara NB-IoT na LTE-M Technologis
LTE-M(Évolusi Jangka Panjang Mesin) jeung NB-IoT (Internét Narrowband of Things) duanana milik low-kakuatan Wide Area Network (LPWAN) anu ngirimkeun data dina ongkos anu langkung handap tina LTE sareng 5G NR. Sanajan kitu, kalawan fitur, biaya murah, kapasitas luhur, konsumsi kakuatan low jeung sinyalna lega, aranjeunna idéal pikeun rupa-rupa aplikasi IoT sarta sanggup nyambungkeun alat nu merlukeun jumlah leutik data., rubakpita low, sareng umur batre anu panjang.
Tunda dina Pkinerja
Kaunggulan tina téhnologi NB-IoT kaasup konsumsi kakuatan low jeung reliabilitas tinggi pikeun nutupan wewengkon nangtang. Dibandingkeun LTE-M, NB-IoT henteu cocog pikeun kaayaan anu meryogikeun latency jaringan anu langkung handap. Latensi NB-IoT biasana sami sareng atanapi kirang ti 10s (sabudeureun 1.6 nepi ka 10s), bari LTE-M biasana boga latency mimitian ti 100 ka 150 milidetik.
Paranti Mobility
Béda jeung LTE-M, NB-IoT henteu nawiskeun dukungan anu saé pikeun mobilitas (Téknologi LTE-M ogé gaduh fungsi anu dirojong sora). Ieu ngandung harti yén NB-iot ogé tiasa dianggo pikeun aset sélulér sareng alat anu kadang-kadang urang ngadangu tapi ngan ukur waktos kawates.. Kasus ngalibatkeun aplikasi NB-IoT sacara real-time sareng pelacak, aplikasi sapédah-babagi, aplikasi lingkungan kalawan komponén mobile tapi throughput low, logistik calakan, jsb. Sacara umum, aset tetep, sapertos méter pinter atanapi terminal titik-of-jualan mangrupikeun daérah anu khas tapi sanés unik pikeun NB-IoT. Éta LTE-M anu tiasa ngahontal "mobilitas mulus anu leres".
Énergi Eefisiensi
NB-IoT langkung merhatikeun énergi anu rendah sareng konsumsi kakuatan anu rendah tibatan LTE-M. Sacara téoritis, NB-IoT nyadiakeun leuwih sapuluh taun umur batre.
Pénérasi
Kalayan ngagunakeun pita sempit (atanapi rubakpita anu langkung sempit atanapi pita sempit tunggal 200KHz atanapi 180KHz), eta ngamungkinkeun pikeun ngaronjat dénsitas kakuatan transmisi. Babarengan sareng fungsi ningkatkeun cakupan anu sanés, NB-IoT gaduh penetrasi anu langkung jero (sarta ditingkatkeun cakupan sakabéh) kamampuhan dibandingkeun LTE-M. LTE-M ogé cocog pikeun sinyalna jero rohangan tapi NB-IoT berpungsi langkung saé. Inpormasi téknologi ngeunaan daérah liputan sareng penetrasi atanapi sinyalna: NB-IoT boga leungitna gandeng nepi ka 164 dB jeung a 20 dB anggaran link hadé dibandingkeun jeung GPRS.
Sanajan aranjeunna sarupa dina loba aspék, aya sababaraha bédana krusial.
LTE-M can send data at a faster rate than that of NB-IoT together with lower latency (the time it spends for devices to build a connection to the network and send or collect information). These functions enable LTE-M to offer services like voice communications and data communications and also LoT applications that require more real-time communication, such as precise tracking or power grid monitoring. Naon deui, LTE-M offers better performance than NB-IoT for mobile IoT applications despite the mobility upgrades found in Cat-NB2.
The faster speed of LTE-M also makes it more suited for data-intensive IoT applications. Also as a natural extension of 4G LTE, LTE-M gains from out-of-the-box roaming, i.e. kamampuhan pikeun ngamangpaatkeun kartu SIM operator jaringan dina jaringan operator lianna di nagara deungeun.
Sanajan kitu, NB-IoT gaduh langkung kakuatan dibandingkeun sareng LTE-M. Sanajan duanana nawiskeun sinyalna hadé ti téknologi lianna, loba operator jaringan geus deployed jaringan NB-IoT kalawan téhnologi nu nyadiakeun perbaikan sinyalna pangalusna bari téhnologi dina jaringan LTE-M nawarkeun ngan perbaikan sinyalna parsial.. Jaringan NB-IoT nyertakeun langkung seueur sinyal tibatan LTE-M di gudang, wangunan kantor, jeung tempat di handapeun taneuh dimana leungitna sinyal jeung sababaraha halangan lapisan brings ngeunaan masalah sambungan.
Kusabab kaunggulan ieu, NB-IoT janten pilihan anu saé pikeun aplikasi IoT anu sederhana, statik, jeung data pisan low.
5. Naha Pilih NB-IoT Téknologi?
Now the leading technology standard for the Internet of Things is NB-IoT. Main carriers have invested a lot in the standard, China Telecom in particular, which has taken the lead in NB-IoT applications. Similar to eMTC, NB-IoT has been a global standard, while the other two are private ones.
The biggest distinction between the two technologies is the spectrum, which serves as the most precious asset of an IoT connectivity standard. Dina kecap basajan, a spectrum is the same as a legal parking lot, which LoRa inherently lacks.
Huawei has been advocating NB-IoT for many years and introduced the concept in 2015 in conjunction with Qualcomm, Vodafone, and other internationally renowned companies. Apart from Huawei, there are still many carriers showing their interest in NB-IoT.
Unlike LoRa, éta NB-IoT network mangrupa jaringan operator-diwangun ku hiji perusahaan mandiri. Upami anjeun hoyong terminal ngagunakeun NB-IoT, jaringan NB-IoT kedah dianggo heula. Ku cara kitu, operator pasti bakal ngamajukeun aplikasi NB-IoT dina ragam aktip.
Sajaba, pamaréntah nyadiakeun bantuan kuat pikeun ngembangkeun NB-IoT. Cina parantos ngaluncurkeun kawijakan anu langkung relevan pikeun ngadukung NB-IoT. Contona, Kamentrian Perindustrian sareng Téknologi Inpormasi sacara resmi ngaluarkeun Bewara ngeunaan Ngamajukeun Komprehensif Pangwangunan sareng Pangembangan Internét Mobile of Things dina Juni. 16, 2017. 14 inisiatif jelas nyatakeun dina Bewara, anu kalebet promosi komprehensif ngeunaan pangwangunan sareng pamekaran NB-IoT, ngadegna tina 1.5 juta base station NB-IoT, jeung ngembangkeun leuwih ti 600 juta sambungan NB-IoT ku 2020.
With the support of the government, NB-IoT is bound to be popular in China under the active support of China operators and the strong advocate of Huawei.
Strengths of NB–IoT
Ayeuna, the standards have been frozen, and in China, the standards have been commercially used on a large scale. NB-IoT contains four major traits, nyaéta, heavy coverage, konsumsi kakuatan low, large connectivity, and low cost.
1. The impact on society
With lower power consumption, a more simplified protocol, and a suitable design, NB-IoT greatly improves the standby time of terminals. It is said that for some NB terminals, the standby time is able to last for ten years.
2. Signal Coverage
NB-IoT has relatively excellent coverage capability (20dBof gains) and doesn’t affect signal reception even if it is buried under a manhole.
3. The Number of Connections
Each unit can support 50,000 terminal.
4. Ongkos
NB-IoT malah mangrupikeun sorotan kalayan modul komunikasi anu murah pisan. Unggal modul diperkirakeun dibanderol di $5 atanapi kirang, nu facilitates beuli nyebar sarta pamakéan. Éta tiasa disimpulkeun tina Hukum Moore yén biayana tiasa diturunkeun ka handap $1 nalika peryogi henteu langkung ti opat puluh bulan..
Sanajan kitu, dampak NB-IoT teu acan sabenerna dibuktikeun alatan kematangan ayeuna industri. Sababaraha produk IoT ngan dirarancang sateuacan pertimbangan kumaha ngahijikeun NB-IoT, bari téhnologi revolusioner nyokot kana tinimbangan nalika desain produk dimimitian.
Salaku hasilna, NB-IoT masih nyanghareupan momen poék samemeh meunang kaunggulan. Nalika seueur jalma terang yén éta ngajangjikeun, eta moal mawa kauntungan badag instan ka maranéhanana pamilon dina industri. Jumlahna, NB-IoT is a tech infrastructure that needs plenty of patience.
For most IoT practitioners, Internét tina Hirup, disisi lain, requires continuous attention, especially for the emergence of some key features; Di sisi anu sanésna, it is not necessary to have illusions about network IoT as networks serve both automation and customization. The network IoT will be utilized If there is a relevant need and the cost is suitable. Otherwise, it is a wise choice to wait for some time.
6. Advantages and disadvantages of NB-IoT Téknologi
The Internet of Things is penetrating our life at an extremely rapid pace. The safe and reliable transmission of data serves as the basis to achieve the interconnection among different things. In most cases, 3G, 4G, and GPRS skills are chosen to finish transmitting data, leading to high usage costs and influencing the popularity of IoT services. Ku kituna, NB- Kaahlian IoT dilahirkeun pikeun nyugemakeun paménta pasar. NB-IoT(Narrowband sélular Internet of Things) skill adopts prinsip ultra-narrowband, transmisi repetitive sarta protokol jaringan streamlined, sarta acquires kapasitas mawa kakuatan lemah sareng Wide WAN di expense of sacrificing laju speed tangtu, waktos reureuh jeung naluri mobile.
Akauntungan tina NB-abdioT
Aksés Massa
Kalawan kaayaan sinyalna sarua stasiun base, Téknologi NB-IoT nyaéta 50 ka 100 kali leuwih diaksés ti téknologi nirkabel séjén, sarta unggal sektor bisa ngajamin aksés ka 100,000 terminal.
Lemah Power Casumsi
Dina watesan alat-alat batré, konsumsi kakuatan low bisa greatly ningkatkeun umur batre alat ti bulan ka taun, sahingga considerably nurunna frékuénsi ngarobah accu.
Liputan luhur
NB-IoT tech boga 100 kali kamampuhan cakupan LTE. Ieu henteu ngan ukur tiasa nyumponan sarat sinyalna skala ageung di daérah anu jarang penduduk tapi ogé cocog pikeun aplikasi di jero taneuh dimana sinyalna jero diperyogikeun..
Biaya murah
Kusabab milih kaahlian jaringan sélulér dina pita frékuénsi otorisasi,NB-IoT henteu kedah ngawangun deui jaringan, sareng RF sareng anteneu dasarna tiasa dianggo deui. Ditambahkeun sareng konsumsi kakuatan rendah NB-IoT, rubakpita low, sarta laju low, eta oge lowers chip sarta waragad modul.
Kakurangan NB-IoT
Kurang saeutik Mindahkeun Data
Dumasar konsumsi kakuatan na low, NB-IoT ngan ukur tiasa nransferkeun langkung sakedik data.
Biaya Komunikasi Tinggi
Sajaba ti harga modul komunikasi NB-IoT, operator ogé bakal ngecas fee operasi.
Miskin-dimekarkeun Tech
Sanajan téhnologi NB-IoT loba dipaké, rupa-rupa kagagalan mindeng lumangsung salila aplikasi praktis, ngabalukarkeun gangguan komunikasi.
Masalah platform docking
The IoT platform of telecom adopts CoPA protocol, which is complicated in terms of docking and often leads to a long construction time for incompatibility with traditional TCP, UDP communication, jsb.
The above are the strengths and drawbacks of NB-IoT. NB-IoT is a newly-developed IoT technology that has appealed to many eyes due to its low power consumption, stable connectivity, low cost and good structure optimization. And as NB-IoT technology goes through more advanced development, it will emerge in more industries in the future.
7. Téhnologi NB-IoT Application Cases
Being one kind of IoTs technology, NB-IoT is considered to bring a great boost, even a transforming effect, to the growth of the whole IoTs industry.
Ieu, dina waktosna, will directly affect each of our lives – through a number of application cases shaped by NB-IoT tech.
Take smart home, smart manufacturing and smart city as examples:
Smart Home
NB-LoT technology can be operated in smart homes, alat wearable, children and elderly care, pet tracking, and other consumer electronics products to give hands to enterprises developing better business models and boost innovation in this area.
NB-LoT tech supports massive amounts of sensors, including the transformation of both large and small data volumes for information, which enables the realization of the portability of computing-capable devices, substantially conducive to the growth of the amount of devices accessing the IoT.
Manufaktur pinter
NB-IoT technology is mixed with industrial Internet and smart manufacturing to promote integration and innovation and realize the monitoring and flexible and intelligent control of manufacturing process so that industrial production, produksi tatanén, transportasi sareng widang anu sanés nampi mangpaat tina pamekaran IoT, anu dina gilirannana mempermudah kamajuan IoT salajengna.
Kota pinter
Pangukuran calakan cai, listrik jeung gas, manajemén parkir calakan, jeung informasi atawa monitoring lingkungan calakan, ti sawatara wewengkon, ningkatkeun kamampuan kota dina palayanan umum sareng manajemén umum, sareng sacara signifikan ngirangan biaya prosés ieu. Pikeun ngurangan waragad, Téknologi NB-IoT ningkatkeun kamampuan kota pikeun ningkatkeun palayanan umum sareng manajemén di sadaya daérah sapertos pangukuran cai pinter., listrik jeung gas, manajemén parkir pinter, inpormasi ngawaskeun lingkungan sareng intelijen.
Téknologi NB-IoT sareng LTE ningkatkeun intelegensi cahaya kota, sistem transportasi, monitoring sarta manajemén lingkungan. Kalayan kaunggulan dina biaya sareng kapasitas pangiriman, NB-LoT achieves the intelligence of information and environmental monitoring in certain public areas and promotes urban intelligence through the regular transmission of small data.
8. NB-IoT Leyuran
Parallel to the construction of the IoT platform, the number of companies specializing in the Internet of Things, especially NB-IoT solutions, increases rapidly. The enterprises out their eyes especially in sensing, meter reading, parking, logistics monitoring and other fields. It can be said that NB-IoT has become a pioneering tech in market exploration. Kiwari, the author will analyze the characteristics of several famous NB-IoT solution providers in the market.
Solusi for éta Internet of Vehicles
When it comes to the IoTs, one of the most essential parts that need attention is the Internet of Vehicles. Although some applications of the Internet of vehicles have high requirements over network connection speed, NB-IoT can still be used in the field of static transportation. In the NB-IoT smart parking scheme with the participation of Fanger Technology and China Unicom, the latest geomagnetic vehicle detection technology and wireless data transmission technology are applied, which not only reduces the production cost of equipment, but also does not require the laying of communication lines and power supply lines. Salaku tambahan, it only requires less amount of installation, a short cycle of installation cycle, and high detection accuracy. Dina aplikasi praktis, in particular, equipped with the three-level induction screen, the intelligent parking project functions that the data collected will be released to the website, cell phone, display screen and other terminals in real-time, greatly solving the problems of facing difficulties like positioning parking location, inaccurate number, jsb. Ayeuna, with more and more vehicles emerging, NB-IoT tech will become a big tool to tackle the issues concerning parking,
Solutions forSmart Méter
The development in the field of smart meters cannot be achieved without the collaboration between Huawei, a global leader in wireless and positioning modules and chips, and one of the main contributors to the development of the NB-IoT technology (4.5 téhnologi) standar. In June 2017 JANZ CE announced a new generation of smart computer technology to be piloted in Portugal. Compared to its predecessors, generasi panganyarna tina téhnologi Smart Computer ditingkatkeun pikeun otomatis ngadeteksi wewengkon ruksak leuwih gancang sarta ngurangan waktu diperlukeun pikeun mulangkeun jasa lamun aya kacilakaan.; Ogé téhnologi ngaronjatkeun breadth nu, jero sareng akurasi data deteksi online sareng ngaoptimalkeun efisiensi pamakean listrik.
Cai pinter Méter Solusi
Salaku perusahaan didaptarkeun munggaran di Cina kalayan méter cai salaku bisnis utami, Sanchuan Wisdom dipercaya janten perusahaan pamimpin dina widang solusi méter cai pinter. Ngaliwatan manufaktur méter cai pinter, data badag cai sarta jasa lianna, parusahaan ngaronjatkeun diri pikeun jadi parusahaan nu nawarkeun jasa ranté industri one-stop on investasi cai sarta operasi, ngawaskeun sareng manajemén lingkungan berbasis cai, R&D and sales of smart water appliances and family healthy drinking water services. In particular, relying on its special hood structure, it can still last 6 years on a single battery in a humid environment, which not only allows remote control but also greatly improves immediacy and lower management costs.
Smart Street Lightning Solusi
With the rise of smart cities, the concept of smart streetlights is gaining popularity in first- jeung kota tingkat kadua. In Zhitron’s intelligent lighting management solution for streetlights, it integrates remote streetlight control, telemetry, kadali jauh, warning calakan, energy efficiency analysis, self-control, map display, asset management and other functions by combining NB-IoT features. oge, compared with traditional street lighting solutions, managers can also formulate strategies and develop optimal energy-efficiency control strategies based on real-time conditions because they have access to more information. With the expansion of the smart street light market and the upstream and downstream connection, smart street light in the future will integrate more sensors and undertakes more functions of network nodes.
Smart Positioning Solution
The biggest appeal of the “Internet of Everything” lies in the interconnection between objects and people. During the IoTs establishment processes, there are needs for positioning everywhere. The biggest positioning market is the tracking and positioning of people. From children’s watches and pet tracking to the real-time whereabouts of firefighters, couriers and people awaiting bail, location trackers are increasingly affecting our lives. While Release 14 led by Oviphone Communications integrates the solution of base station positioning, which requires the network and terminal side support. Kadua, Release 14 of NB-IoT’s cell reselection better solves the fast roaming switching problem. The high bandwidth of NB-IoT’s Release 14 ensures faster real-time performance. When Ovodan launched the first NB-IoT-based smartwatch in 2015, it provided ODM or OEM services from product development to stable mass production and a flexible and complete solution of “terminal development + application server + mobile application terminal”, which is currently the global leader of NB-IoT in smart wear and It is the global leader in smart wear and tracker products.
Smart Logistics Solusi
Based on Huawei’s Ocean Connect IoT platform, the smart logistics solution is able to acquire data on logistics vehicles, kargo, tanaga, titik-titik, routes, jsb., and quickly provide smart logistics-related services to assist logistics companies or personnel, cargo owners, consignees, government regulators and the public, solving the problems of five-in-one physical flow and information flow efficient management, including “vehicle, jalma, kargo, connection mode and route”.
Ku kituna, a large number of market solutions have emerged to provide connected cars, smart utilities, kota pinter, smart streetlights and other market solutions that require scale and homogeneous terminals, allowing us to see the huge potential of NB-IoT as an IoT communication technology. We believe that as the technology develops, the current NB-IoT solutions of various fields and companies will further integrate the upstream and downstream industries to achieve further development.
9. The History of NB-IoT Téknologi
Di 2013, Vodafone and Huawei mobile joined hands to conduct scientific research on a new communication standard, which they initially called “NB-M2M (LTE for Machine to Machine)”.
In May 2017, 3GPP’s GERAN Institute created a new scientific research project named FS_IoT_LC, which is a key scientific study of new wireless communication access network system software and “NB-M2M” became one of the new project’s research components. Later, Qualcomm submitted the technical specification of “NB-OFDM” (Narrow Band Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing). (3GPP, “3rd GeneraTIon Partnership Project” standardization organization; TSG-GERAN (GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network): undertakes the establishment of technical standards for GSM/EDGE (development of technical standards for wireless network access networks).
In May 2016, the “NB-M2M” program and the “NB-OFDM” program were combined to become “NB-CIoT” (Narrow Band CellularIoT). The essential part of the combination of the scheme depends on the choice of the FDMA multiple access methods for communication and the OFDM multiple access methods for sliding.
In July 2016, Sony Ericsson, in collaboration with ZTE, Nokia and other enterprises, clearly put forward the technical specifications of “NB-LTE” (Narrow Band LTE).
In the 69th rural work conference of RAN# in September 2016, the executors of each plan combined the two technical specifications (” NB-IoT “and” NB-LTE “), and the 3GPP Project establishment was carried out for the unified specification after hot discussion and deliberation. The specification is a unified national standard called “NB-IoT (Internét Band sempit ngeunaan Hirup, based on the cellular Narrowband Internet of Things)”. Ti saprak éta, “NB-M2M”, “NB-OFDM”, “NB-CIoT”, “NB-LTE ” all become history time.
In June 2017, the Key specification of the NB-IoT was set up as an Internet of Things Technology Specific Agreement in 3GPPL-13. Dina Séptémber, the SPECIFICATION of the NB-LoT features was carried out. In January 2017, part of the specification for NB-IoT conformance testing was formulated.
10. FAQ ngeunaan NB-IoT
Nagara mana anu gaduh NB-IoT sareng kumaha ngabagi pita frékuénsi NB-IoT?
For any carriers around the globe, NB-IoT is deployed with the 900MHz band while the 800MHz band is used in parts of NB-IoT. The NB-IoT of China Unicom is equipped with 900MHz and 1800MHz bands, and currently, only 900MHz is able to be tested. To enhance the construction of NB-IoT, China Mobile acquires FOD photos and enables the re-cultivation of 900MHz & 1800MHz frequency bands. China Telecom’s NB- IoT is deployed in the 800 MHz band but with a frequency of 5 MHz only.
What is the timeline for Narrowband LoT deployment?
In the year of 2016, China Unicom conducted an NB-IoT outfield scale network trial on the basis of 900MHz and 1800MHz frequency bands in seven metropolises(Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Fuzhou, Changsha and Yinchuan) and introduced over 6 business application demonstrations, and full national commercial deployment of NB-IoT will begin in 2018.
China Mobile intends to launch the commercialization process of NB-IoT in the year 2017. China Telecom starts the plan of the deployment of the NB- IoT network in the first half of 2017. Huawei has joined hands with 6 carriers (China Unicom, Cina Mobile, Vodafone, Emirates Telecom, Telefonica, jsb.) to set up 6 NB-IoT opening labs worldwide to concentrate on NB-IoT business innovation, industry growth, interoperability testing and verification. ZTE teamed up with China Mobile to complete the technical verification evolution of NB-IoT protocol in the 5G Joint Innovation Center laboratory.
What modulation and demodulation technologies dipaké dina NB-IoT?
Downlink using OFDMA, sub-carrier spacing 15kHz. Single-tone: 3.75 kHz/15 kHz, ULTI-tone: 15 kHz. Only half-duplex needs to be supported, with separate synchronization
The signal. The terminal supports the demonstration of single-tone and multi-tone capabilities. The layer processing of MAC/RLC/PDCP/RRC is carried out on the physical layer according to the current LTE process and protocol.
How many connected and active users are included in NB-abdioT base stations?
The NB-IoT has 50-100 times more uplink capacity over 2G, 3G jeung 4G, and can offer 50-100 times more access than current wireless technologies at the same base station.
Regarding the simulation testing data, sél base station bisa nyadiakeun 50,000 Aksés terminal NB-IoT.
Naon rentang NB-IoT?
NB-IoT naek 20Db tina gains leuwih luhur ti LTE na GPRS base station, ngarepkeun gaduh liputan daérah anu susah dihontal sapertos garasi handapeun taneuh, basements, jeung pipa bawah tanah. Dumasar kana data uji simulasi, NB-IoT tiasa dugi ka 164dB dina modél panyebaran mandiri, sareng panyebaran sareng panyebaran internal sareng pita panyalindungan teu acan disimulasi.
Naon nyaéta laju pangiriman uplink na downlink NB-IoT urang?
Bandwidth RF NB-IoT nyaéta 200KHz. Laju Downlink: 160kbps- 50kbps. Laju uplink :160kbps-250kbps (multi-nada) atawa 160kbps-200kbps (Nada tunggal).
Naha NB-IoT rojongan a deui–transmisi mékanisme?
NB-IoT ngagunakeun mékanisme anu tangtu pikeun ningkatkeun sinyalna sapertos transmisi ulang (nepi ka 200 kali) jeung modulasi béaya rendah.
Naha NB-IoT gaduh a fungsi sora-dirojong?
Kalawan euweuh pamutahiran sinyalna, aplikasi sora underpinned ku NB-IoT nyaeta Push to Talk. Dina hal ningkatkeun sinyalna 20dB, rojongan pinter téh sarupa jeung Voice Mail. NB-IoT henteu ngadukung VoLTE, nu boga syarat latency pisan tinggi. Tumpukan protokol lapisan luhur peryogi jaminan QoS, nu pasti naekeun biaya.
Naon rentang laju gerak alat jeung jaringan reureuh durasi pikeun NB-IoT?
NB-IoT dianggo dina skenario aplikasi dimana mobilitas henteu didukung pisan (misalna., méter super calakan, parkir calakan jeung saterusna). Éta tiasa nyederhanakeun pajeulitna terminal sareng ngirangan konsumsi kakuatan terminal. NB-IoT henteu nyayogikeun pangrojong pikeun manajemén mobilitas nalika dina kaayaan disambungkeun, kaasup ukuran relevan, laporan pangukuran, ngageser, jsb.
NB-IoT tiasa ngadukung reureuh sakitar sapuluh detik.
